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MUSTAFA KEMAL ATATÜRK'S ADDRESS TO TURKISH YOUTH




MUSTAFA KEMAL ATATÜRK'S ADDRESS TO TURKISH YOUTH

Turkish Youth! Your first duty is to preserve and to defend Turkish Independence and the Turkish Republic forever. 

This is the very foundation of your existence and your future. This foundation is your most precious treasure. In the future too there may be malevolent people at home and abroad who will wish to deprive you of this treasure. If some day you are compe lled to defend your independence and your Republicyou must not hesitate to weigh the possibilities and circumstances of the situation before doing your duty. These possibilities and circumstances may turn out to be extremely unfavourable. The enemies c onspiring against your independence and your Republic may have behind them a victory unprecedented in the annals of the world. It may be that by violence and trickery all the fortresses of your beloved fatherland may be captured all its shipyards occupied all its armies dispersed and every corner of the country invaded. And sadder and graver than all these circumstances thos e who hold power within the country may be in error misguided and may even be traitors. Furthermore they may identify personal interests with the political designs of the invaders. The country may be impoverished ruined and exhausted. 

Youth of Turkey's future even in such circumstances it is your duty to save Turkish Independence and the Republic. You will find the strength you need in your noble blood. 

20 October 1027
M. Kemal ATATÜRK

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Türkische Jugend!

Deine erste Pflicht ist es auf immer die türkische Unabhängigkeit und die Republik Türkei zu beschützen und zu verteidigen! 

Sie ist die Grundlage deiner Existenz und deiner Zukunft. Diese Gründung ist dein wertvollster Schatz. In der Zukunft mögen böswillige Kräfte im Inneren des Landes und von außen auftreten die versuchen werden dir dein Geburtsrecht abzuerkennen. Wenn Du eines Tages gezwungen sein wirst Deine Unabhängigkeit und die Republik zu verteidigen darfst Du nicht über die Bedingungen und die Möglichkeiten der Situation in der Du dich befindest um deine Mission zu erfüllen nachdenken. Diese Bedingungen und Möglichkeiten mögen widrig erscheinen. Die Gegnerdie es auf deine Unabhängigkeit und deine Republik abgesehen habenmögen einen Sieg errungen haben wie es ihn in der Welt noch nie gegeben hat. Alle Festungen und Waffenlager unseres geliebten Vaterlandes mögen mit Gewalt oder List eingenommen worden sein alle Armeen zerstreut und jeder Winkel des Landes besetzt worden sein. Janoch erschreckender und furchtbarer als das: Diejenigen die die Macht im Lande in der Hand halten und ausüben mögen einem großen Irrtumeinem groben Fehler oder sogar Verrat verfallen sein. Diese Inhaber der Macht mögen sogar ihre persönlichen Interessen mit den politischen Absichten der Invasoren in Übereinstimmung gebracht haben. Die Nation selbst mag in Elend gefallen erschöpft und verwüstet sein. 

Ihr die zukünftigen Söhne und Töchter der Türkei! 

Selbst unter diesen Umständen und Bedingungen ist es Eure Pflicht die türkische Unabhängigkeit und die Republik wiederherzustellen! Die Kraftdie Ihr benötigt ist in dem edlen Blut das in euren Adern fließtenthalten. 

20. Oktober 1927
M. Kemal ATATÜRK

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MUSTAFA KEMAL ATATÜRK'ÜN GENÇLİĞE HİTABESİ

Ey Türk gençliği! Birinci vazifen Türk istiklâlini Türk Cumhuriyet'iniilelebet muhafaza ve müdafaa etmektir.

Mevcudiyetinin ve istikbalinin yegâne temeli budur. Bu temel senin en kıymetli hazinendir. İstikbalde dahi seni bu hazineden mahrum etmek isteyecek dahilî ve haricî bedhahların olacaktır. Bir gün istiklâl ve cumhuriyeti müdafaa mecburiyetine düşersen vazifeye atılmak içiniçinde bulunacağın vaziyetin imkân ve şeraitini düşünmeyeceksin! Bu imkân ve şerait çok nâmüsait bir mahiyette tezahür edebilir. İstiklâl ve cumhuriyetine kastedecek düşmanlar bütün dünyada emsali görülmemiş bir galibiyetin mümessili olabilirler. Cebren ve hile ile aziz vatanın bütün kaleleri zapt edilmiş bütün tersanelerine girilmiş bütün orduları dağıtılmış ve memleketin her köşesi bilfiil işgal edilmiş olabilir. Bütün bu şeraitten daha elîm ve daha vahim olmak üzere memleketin dahilinde iktidara sahip olanlar gaflet ve dalâlet ve hattâ hıyanet içinde bulunabilirler. Hatta bu iktidar sahipleri şahsî menfaatlerinimüstevlilerin siyasî emelleriyle tevhit edebilirler. Millet fakr ü zaruret içinde harap ve bîtap düşmüş olabilir. 

Ey Türk istikbalinin evlâdı! İşte bu ahval ve şerait içinde dahi vazifen; Türk istiklâl ve cumhuriyetini kurtarmaktır! Muhtaç olduğun kudretdamarlarındaki asil kanda mevcuttur! 

MUSTAFA KEMAL ATATÜRK 
20 Ekim 1927

How to Help


I found this article from National Geographic. However the article is some old. It was written in June 2007 :) Have a nice reading :)

Figure Out Your Footprint

As you cool your home this summer, you might well be helping to warm up the world. Air-conditioning and other power-hungry appliances are major contributors to the average household’s carbon footprint, a measure of personal impact on climate through the production of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases.

Average Annual Household Pounds of Carbon Dioxide Saved

1,000

If you recycle glass, plastic, and paper.

800

If you take the bus to work instead of driving.

720

If you line-dry half your laundry loads instead of using the dryer.

700

If you maintain a tight seal on your refrigerator door and keep the appliance’s coils clean.

55

If you replace a 75-watt incandescent lightbulb with a 20-watt compact fluorescent bulb.

Here are some ways to shrink your footprint’s size:

Safe Climate Calculator

Online questionnaires are a way to calculate your current energy use. This calculator includes options for residents of the U.S. and Canada, as well as for other countries.

U.S. Climate Technology Cooperation

This carbon equivalency calculator translates units of greenhouse gases saved into easily understandable equivalents: gallons of gas saved, acres of forest preserved, and more.

The Green Guide

This National Geographic consumer publication and website has many suggestions for following a low-carbon diet. The actual amount of carbon dioxide a household releases depends on the fuel sources used by its energy provider. The average American produces more than 22 tons (20 metric tons) of carbon dioxide each year. For more information on carbon savings, including carbon calculators for each room in the house, see The Green Guide’s Green Home section.


How the heels appeared?



I am so unhappy because I am never going to wear high-heeled shoes. I am too tall to wear one. I want so much however all my friends are shorter than me. So when I wear shoes which has some heel, I feel bizarre. I know once in a time I'm gonna wear high-heeled shoes. I found the history about high-heeled shoes in this site.. I think you will like it.


Shoes, that make an owner look higher, have been widely known since the times of the Ancient Greece. At that times such shoes were used in theater performances and resembled wooden or cork sandals with an elevated sole. In medieval Europe city streets were covered in sewage, and people had to put on stilt shoes – wooden soles with leather belts. They were put over average everyday shoes and called sabots. In the East shoes like that, named cabab were put on in the bathhouses for the visitors not to burn their feet on the hot floor. In Venice, starting from the XV century, women of different social statuses used to wear high platform shoes (up to 20 cm), that were called cokkolli – meaning “little hooves”.

High-heeled shoes had for a long time been worn only by men – women came to this fashion only in the XVII century. In women’s fashion some practical functions of a heel were replaced by pure esthetical. These shoes made a woman’s posture look grand, though at that times wearing high heels was connected with hard physical work, for the height of heels sometimes amounted to 20 cm.

Heels of the shoes were usually painted in different colours in accordance to fashion and season: blue, green, black. Red was a very important colour, for in the European countries it served as a symbol of aristocracy. In XVII the heels of the boots were painted black, and the red colour remained only by shoes (Mr. Red Heels was the nickname for French fops in the times of Louis XIV). Before the French revolution of the XVIII century only the court nobleman were allowed to wear shoes with high heels, painted red.

The history of heels continues developing. Thus, in the beginning of XVIII century the French invented the so-called dove-leg” heel. Being concaved upward, it created an optical illusion of a foot being smaller, than it is. Famous stiletto heels were created in the XX century, and, unfortunately, the name of their creator is unknown.


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